South Sudan
This working paper is a case study on South Sudan as an important refugee country of origin. The case study looks at issues of forced displacement in South Sudan and underscores the linkages between internally displaced persons and South Sudanese refugees. The case study highlights the importance of understanding local contexts and root drivers of conflict and displacement. It reviews evaluations of programmes in South Sudan, including past efforts at state building and refugee resettlement to look at learning within the international community. The study was undertaken as part of a wider research project on learning from evaluations to improve responses to situations of forced displacement and supports the synthesis paper "Responding to Refugee Crises in Developing Countries: What Can We Learn From Evaluations?"
Displacement is at a historic high, with over 65 million individuals currently displaced. The world is facing a refugee crisis that is unprecedented in scale. A large number of evaluations look at different aspects of programming in response to refugee crises in developing countries. This paper covers the key areas and priority topics related to forced displacement identified by the Development Assisstance Committee Temporary Working Group on Refugees and Migration. It draws from evaluation findings to highlight key lessons and recommendations for positive change going forward.
Key topics covered in the paper include: lessons on bridging the gap between humanitarian and development programming; efforts to strengthen international response to protracted crises; lessons on whole-of-government approaches in refugee contexts; learning from work in urban settings; improving access to employment and quality education; new financing mechanisms for refugee crises in middle income countries; and lessons on financing in response to the Syria crisis. The paper highlights the evaluation work of DAC members and aims to help strengthen the evidence base to improve response to situations of displacement in developing countries.
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South Sudan gained independence on 9 July 2011 and its first year of independence was characterised by economic hardships. The size of the economy, measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), was SSP 43.1 billion (South Sudanese pounds) (equivalent to USD 14.4 billion) in fiscal year (FY) 2011/12, compared with SSP 42.9 billion (equivalent to USD 14.3 billion) in FY 2010/11. However, real GDP growth contracted in FY 2011/12 by 27% as a result of the shutdown of the oil pipelines and is projected to further contract by 16.3% in 2012/13 owing to the delay in full resumption of oil production.
Proclamé indépendant le 9 juillet 2011, le Soudan du Sud achève une première année d’existence marquée par des difficultés économiques. Mesurée par le produit intérieur brut (PIB) nominal, l’économie sudsoudanaise se chiffrait à 43.1 milliards SSP (livre sudsoudanaise) soit 14.4 milliards USD, au titre de l’exercice 2011/12, contre 42.9 milliards SSP soit 14.3 milliards USD en 2010/11. Néanmoins, en 2011/12, la croissance du PIB réel s’est contractée de 27 % suite à la fermeture des oléoducs et devrait encore se replier de 16.3 % en 2012/13, la production pétrolière tardant à reprendre pleinement.
Le 9 juillet 2011, la République du Sud-Soudan est devenue la 54e nation africaine. Elle a officiellement accédé à l’indépendance après un référendum historique sur l’autodétermination, qui s’est tenu le 9 janvier 2011. Les Sud-Soudanais ont voté à l’écrasante majorité pour une séparation totale d’avec le Soudan.
This chapter explores a number of examples of contracting out in Southern Sudan. The lessons elaborated in this report stem from a number of sectors, including public procurement and health. Several important recommendations are drawn, which can support other post-conflict and fragile states to strengthen the delivery of government services to their citizens.