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There’s a gaping hole in the global education budget and it’s 200 billion US dollars deep. Yearly. Part of the problem has to do with taxes: Many developing countries raise less than 20% of their GDP in tax revenues and out of this, education should take up between 4 to 6% of GDP. That’s a tall order in deficitary times. Michael Ward, OECD Senior Analyst specialising in global educational development issues and Bert Brys, Senior Tax Economist at the OECD, walk us through efficient education spending and how to raise money for education through better taxing.

This year OECD Podcasts brought you interviews with policymakers, OECD experts, academics and more, on the topics making headlines in the world today. Take a listen to hear snippets from some of our most listened to podcasts from 2021 as well as what you can expect from us in 2022.

Début juillet 2021, plus de 130 pays et juridictions sont parvenus à un accord sur une refonte radicale du système fiscal international. Cet accord vise à faire en sorte que les entreprises multinationales paient une juste part de l’impôt partout où elles exercent des activités. Il actualise des composantes fondamentales d’un système fiscal international presque centenaire qui n’est plus adapté à l’économie mondialisée et numérisée du XXIe siècle. Il entend également limiter la concurrence fiscale en instaurant un impôt minimum sur les sociétés au niveau international.

Over 130 countries and jurisdictions, representing more than 90% of global GDP, joined a new agreement in July 2021 to reform the international taxation rules and ensure that multinational enterprises pay a fair share of tax wherever they operate. This global tax deal – the outcome of negotiations co-ordinated by the OECD for much of the last decade – updates key elements of the century-old international tax system which is no longer fit for purpose in a globalised and digitalised 21st century economy and puts a floor on tax competition by setting a global minimum corporate tax.

Globalisation has brought major benefits for businesses, but at the same time it has enabled large multinational firms to book their profits in countries with low or no tax, rather than where they carry out their business activity. Governments lose out because shifting profits in this way can erode the tax base. Moreover, the digital economy adds to the challenge of working out how much international companies owe in tax and to which countries, in part because digital firms may not have a physical presence in the places they do business in. The OECD, which launched the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) initiative in 2013, has been leading international talks to address these issues, and is aiming towards a landmark agreement on new tax rules in 2021. Grace Perez-Navarro, deputy director of the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, explains the issues.

The global fight against tax evasion has been one of the major success stories of international co-operation over the past decade, leading to new global transparency standards and more than 100 billion euros in additional revenues for countries worldwide. To mark the 10th anniversary of the Global Forum on Tax Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes, which brings together more than 150 countries, former UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown explains how the G20 launched the crackdown on bank secrecy and tax evasion, and the challenges that remain.

Everybody agrees that tech giants and all other businesses should pay their fair share of taxes where they create value. But is a digital tax the way to go? OECD tax chief Pascal Saint-Amans says no. The OECD has secured an agreement among 127 countries and jurisdictions to spearhead talks on changing the rules of the taxation game: shifting more taxing rights to market jurisdictions where goods and services—digital or not—are being consumed…away from the countries where multinational companies are headquartered. What’s at stake? Nothing short of changing fundamental tax rules to address the 21st century’s globalised and digitalising economy.